I have a "Cal table" with 5533 rows and 30 columns. When I transfer the ‘Cal table’ to the database (by selecting the 5533 rows and 45 columns), I have my 30 columns but only 5322 rows, whatever the type of spreadsheet format (.xls, .xlsx, ods...).
Libreoffice Calc is name Your Libreoffice Base use firebird or hssql engine? Not have any error messages during tranfer? Use copy in Calc and paste in Base for new table, or create in the first the table structure with correct columns datatype and paste the values from Calc. Check length of contents of your columns.
Please ask for support in https://ask.libreoffice.org/